Parents’ Duty to Support Child of the Marriage and Adopted Child
The parents of a minor child have a duty to support and educate the child and must provide the child with adequate food, clothing, and shelter. Each parent’s duty of support continues while the marriage exists and after its dissolution, unless the child is adopted by a stepparent or by another person.
The duty of providing child support generally arises either contractually or from parenthood. Thus, in the absence of an enforceable agreement to provide support, a former spouse has no legal duty to support a child who is not his or her natural or adopted child. A former spouse may be equitably estopped from repudiating a child for purposes of support, however, when the spouse has enjoyed the benefits of being a parent, among which are having received the child’s love and affection over an extended period of time. For example, a husband who was neither the biological nor the adoptive father of a child was equitably estopped from repudiating paternity of the child where the husband, from the child’s birth until the child reached the age of nine, had completely and willingly assumed the role of father. Until dissolution of the marriage, however, a husband stands in loco parentis (in the place of a parent) to his wife’s child born during the marriage; this relationship creates a duty of support even if the man is not the child’s natural or adoptive father.
Because a duty of support is owed to the child, one parent cannot relieve the other of this responsibility without court approval. Further, prior to enactment of the “shared parental responsibility” concept, the burden of child support could not be shifted from a noncustodial parent merely because his or her former spouse (the custodial parent) had remarried, and this rule appears to remain valid despite amendment of the custody laws to permit shared parental responsibility. However, the remarriage of the spouse with primary residential responsibility may affect his or her financial ability to contribute a greater share of the child’s support, which could be a factor in determining changed circumstances.
The duty of support is nondelegable, even if the child does not live with either parent. Accordingly, if a parent neglects to provide support, a person who contributes to the support of the child is entitled to reimbursement from the parent.
At any time during a proceeding for dissolution of a marriage, the court has the authority to order either or both parents to pay child support. In addition, the court has continuing jurisdiction to modify its orders and to require the parent with primary residential responsibility to account for expenditures made from child support received by him or her. A parent may seek an order to compel the other parent to pay child support at any time, regardless of any previous adjudication or opportunity to litigate the issue.
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Attorney Michael Fender has been representing spouses for 17+ years when their marriages come to an end. Mr. Fender represents Husbands or Wives in the Orlando, Florida area including Maitland, Winter Park, Lake Mary, Sanford, Altamonte Springs, Apopka, Casselberry, Oviedo, Ocoee, Winter Garden, Kissimmee, Deland, and Clermont. Please feel free to contact his office to schedule an appointment to discuss your rights and options with regard to custody, time sharing, parenting plans, equitable distribution of marital assets and debts, the marital home, alimony, child support, division of pensions, 401K’s, IRA’s and other retirement accounts. Contact his office at 407-629-1886 or visit Attorney Fender’s website.